Phase-Boundary Catalysts for Acid-Catalyzed Reactions: The Role of Bimodal Amphiphilic Structure and Location of Active Sites
نویسندگان
چکیده
O potencial catalítico para reações de interface de fases em reações catalisadas por ácidos foi demonstrado pelo zeólito NaY enriquecido com ácido nióbico recoberto por alquilsilano na reação de hidratação do 1,2-epoxioctano com água em fase líquida. O catalisador foi preparado através da impregnação do ácido nióbico na superfície externa de NaY, seguida da modificação parcial da superfície externa de NaY com grupos alquilsilanos. As partículas adicionadas a uma mistura contendo água e 1,2-epoxioctano foram facilmente localizadas na interface das fases líquido-líquido, e catalisaram eficientemente a hidratação do epóxido, mesmo sem agitação. Com o objetivo de investigar o efeito da localização dos sítios ativos, foram preparados HZSM-5 alquilsililado e NaY funcionalizado com ácido sulfônico, em que os sítios ativos estão localizados predominantemente na superfície interna dos zeólitos. Neste caso, foi necessária agitação mecânica para aumentar a velocidade de reação. Sugere-se que a alquisilação da superfície externa do zeólito, quando o sítio ativo se encontra principalmente dentro do poro, não pode modificar o modo de ação do catalisador; ainda é necessário agitar a mistura reacional para promover a transferência de massas de substratos e reagentes.
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